What is the difference between a domain and a sub domain?

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What is the difference between a domain and a sub domain? Does google look at a domain differently than a sub domain?

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Re: What is the difference between a domain and a sub domain?

A Sub.Domain wont have the clout that a main domain will have. Many pepole were using sub domains to get better SE rankings with using a good sub domain title. IE: www.Microsoft.yoursite.comThe SE's now take this into account when ranking. But it is very handy for splitting up a company into departments or family member names.